Estudio de la hiperfrecuentación en un distrito de atención primaria

Objective

To describe the distribution of frequent attenders (FA) through the different primary care practices in Cordoba-Guadalquivir Health District (Córdoba, Spain).

天灸罐联合少腹逐瘀汤治疗寒凝血瘀型原发性痛经临床观察

目的:观察天灸罐联合少腹逐瘀汤治疗寒凝血瘀型原发性痛经的临床疗效。方法:将90例寒凝血瘀型原发性痛经随机分为治疗组45例和对照组45例。对照组予少腹逐瘀汤治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用天灸罐治疗,均连续治疗5个月经周期。参照COX痛经症状量表(the Cox Menstrual Symptom Scale,CMSS)进行评价;测定两组治疗前后外周血中前列腺素F2a(Prostaglandin F2a,PGF2a)含量;比较两组痛经临床疗效。结果:总有效率组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组CMSS时间、程度及PGF2a含量治疗前后组内比较及治疗后组间比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:天灸罐联合少腹逐瘀汤治疗寒凝血瘀型原发性痛经效果良好。     

前房穿刺时限对原发性急性闭角型青光眼大发作的预后影响

目的评价前房穿刺时限对药物不可控制、持续高眼压状态下的原发性急性闭角型青光眼大发作的预后影响。方法回顾性分析2014年1～12月收治于华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院眼科的原发性急性闭角型青光眼大发作患者27例(28眼),发作眼急诊行前房穿刺放液术,术后按眼压情况即房水外流通道是否有效恢复分为A、B两组,对两组前房穿刺时限及视力转归情况进行比较。结果 A组前房穿刺时限明显低于B组,差异有统计学意义(t=-7.30,P0.01);A组视力恢复情况明显优于B组,差异有统计学意义(t=6.15,P0.01)。结论原发性急性闭角型青光眼大发作行前房穿刺后,对房水外流通路能有效恢复、眼内压短期下降的患者,穿刺放液时限较短,视力恢复较好。     

Crisis and continuity: Rural health care students respond to the COVID-19 outbreak

The COVID-19 outbreak in Winter (2020) has caused widespread disruption for health sciences students undergoing clinical placements—vital periods of experiential learning that cannot be substituted with distance alternatives. For students placed in rural areas, already coping with isolation, precarious supply chains and shortages of essential personnel, the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak may have far-reaching implications for psychosocial wellness, self-efficacy and clinical judgment. Four nursing and eight medical students (n = 12) supplied photographs and commentary documenting the experience of withdrawing suddenly from clinical sites in rural Alberta. Collaborative, thematic analysis revealed continuities between pre- and post-outbreak life, both for the students and their rural hosts. Social determinants of health such as seclusion, environmental hazards, and health-seeking behaviors carried over and compounded the effects of the outbreak on the placement communities and clinical sites. Other continuities included the reliance on technology for clinical and social connectivity, and capitalizing on natural settings to cope with isolation and confinement. Prolonged liminality, lack of closure, and the loss of team identity were the greatest stressors brought on by the suspension of clinical activities. However, the participants felt well equipped to deal with these circumstances through the resilience, adaptability, and community ethos acquired during their placements.     

IVIG in childhood primary angiitis of the central nervous system: A case report

Aggressive immunosuppressive therapies have been proposed to treat primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS). Here, we report the first successfully stabilized case of childhood, small-vessel PACNS with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy.A 12-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital complaining of recurrent headaches and upper-left homonymous quadrantanopia, since the age of 11 years. Brain computed tomography scans revealed fine calcification in the right temporal and occipital lobes. Brain magnetic resonance imaging scans revealed white matter lesions, with gadolinium enhancement, which waxed, waned, and migrated for 1 year, without immunomodulatory therapies. A cerebrospinal fluid study showed pleocytosis (12 cells per µl). No clinical or serological findings suggested systemic inflammation or vasculitis. Brain angiography was unremarkable. Brain biopsy revealed thickened and hyalinized small vessels, with intramural infiltration of inflammatory cells, which confirmed the diagnosis of small-vessel PACNS. Because the patient developed surgical site infection following biopsy, the administration of monthly IVIG (2 g/kg) was prescribed, instead of immunosuppressive agents. After IVIG therapy, the patient remained stable, except for a single episode of mild radiological exacerbation at 16 months, which occurred when the IVIG interval was expanded. Oral prednisone was added and gradually tapered. At 50 months, his intellectual abilities and motor functions were normal, although he showed residual upper-left homonymous quadrantanopia and post-exercise headache. A temporary headache, associated with the immunoglobulin infusion, was resolved by slowing the infusion rate. PACNS should be treated aggressively to improve prognosis. However, when immunosuppressants are contraindicated, IVIG may be an alternative therapeutic option.